Static IP Addresses for Virtual Machines in Hyper-V

Ishan jain October 25, 2023 22:41

By Default, Default Switch in Hyper-V only have Dynamic IP addresses for Virtual Machines.

The Default Switch in Hyper-V is not meant to have Static IP. When you reboot your host machine, the Default Switch gets a new IP range that is not used by known network by host machine.

One solution is to create an Internal Switch with NAT.

Create Internal Switch
```
New-VMSwitch -Switch "SwitchName" -SwitchType Internal
```
This will create a new Internal Switch in Hyper-V, but also a new Network Adapter on your host machine.

Get the ifIndex of the new adapter

Get-NetAdapter

You will get an similar output:

Name                      InterfaceDescription                    ifIndex Status
----                      --------------------                    ------- ------
vEthernet (SwitchName)    Hyper-V Virtual Ethernet Adapter #3          56 Up

Assign an IP Address to the adapter.
```
New-NetIPAddress -IPAddress 198.51.100.1 -PrefixLength 24 -InterfaceIndex 56
```
Note: 198.51.100.0/24 is defined as TEST-NET-2 in RFC5737. Should only be used for documentation and examples.

Replace InterfaceIndex with the ifIndex for adapter on your host.

Now we need to create a NAT gateway

New-NetNat -Name MyNATnetwork -InternalIPInterfaceAddressPrefix 198.51.100.0/24

Assign your Virtual Machine to SwitchName switch.

Assign static IP to your VM

ip    198.51.100.11
mask  255.255.255.0
gw    198.51.100.1
dns   1.1.1.1

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